During an electrical fault, why is step voltage a concern for people nearby?

Step voltage is a concern during an electrical fault because it relates to the voltage difference that occurs between two points on the ground when a fault condition is present. This condition can happen when there is a ground fault, causing a sudden surge of electrical energy to disperse into the earth. The phenomenon of step voltage results in a situation where a person standing on the ground can experience a significant voltage difference between their feet if they are standing at different potentials.

When a fault occurs, the current may flow through the ground, causing a gradient in voltage levels. As people nearby may be spread out or standing with their feet apart, the difference in voltage between their feet can create a significant electric shock hazard, depending on how far apart they are from each other and the electrified fault. This can lead to serious injuries or even fatalities, as individuals may unknowingly complete a circuit between the points of differing voltage. Understanding this risk is crucial for ensuring safety protocols are followed during electrical work and fault conditions.