What is a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI)?

A ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is specifically designed to detect and interrupt imbalances in electrical current. This imbalance often occurs when there is a leakage of current to the ground, which can pose a serious electrocution hazard to individuals.

The GFCI continuously monitors the flow of electricity through the hot and neutral wires. If it senses a difference in the current (typically as small as 4 to 6 milliamps), it quickly shuts off the power to prevent electric shock. This makes GFCIs particularly important in areas where electrical equipment is likely to come into contact with water, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoor outlets.

It is essential to recognize the specific role of a GFCI in enhancing electrical safety, as this device is distinct from others that may be involved in efficiency, load measurement, or voltage regulation. Each of these functions is crucial in electrical systems but serve different purposes compared to the life-saving function of a GFCI.