What is the difference between grounding and bonding?

The correct answer highlights the fundamental concepts of grounding and bonding in electrical systems. Grounding is the practice of connecting the electrical system to the earth, which provides a safe path for electric current to dissipate in the event of a fault, such as a short circuit or lightning strike. This connection to the earth helps prevent electrical shocks and reduces the risk of fire hazards by stabilizing voltage levels and providing a reference point.

On the other hand, bonding refers to the process of connecting conductive components together to ensure that they have the same electrical potential. This is crucial for preventing electric shock and ensuring that any fault current will safely travel back to the ground through the system, reducing the risk of electrical arcing or other hazards.

While other options may touch on aspects of grounding and bonding, they do not accurately define the essential differences between these two practices. Grounding is specifically aimed at safety through an earth connection, and bonding ensures electrical connection between parts to maintain a consistent potential, reinforcing the safety measures within an electrical installation.